All Functions

This page contains a comprehensive list of all available functions organized by category. Each function links to its detailed documentation page with syntax, examples, and test cases.

Function Categories


Core

Semantics

FunctionDescription
ENTITY() Returns a reference to an entity.
INPUT() Returns a reference to an input.

Bind

FunctionDescription
BIND_VALUE() Binds the given value to the given feature.
BIND_VALUES() Binds the given array of values to the given feature or features.
BIND_COLUMNS() Binds columns from a table to the given features.

Structural

FunctionDescription
RELATED() Joins a feature or an aggregation using a key as base
UNNEST() Unnests an array of rows into a table of rows

Types

FunctionDescription
CAST() Returns the given expression casted to the given type, or raise an exception if the conversion...
UNSAFE_CAST() Returns the given expression casted to the given type, allowing to change or remove entity type
TRY_CAST() Returns the given expression casted to the given type, or NULL if the cast fails.
NULL() Returns a NULL value of the given type.
EMPTY() Returns an EMPTY filling for empty parameters in functions.

Functions

FunctionDescription
VARIANT() Returns a reference to a variant of the given feature with the given replacements in its...
MACRO() Returns a reference to a macro of the given feature with the given inputs.
UDF() Returns a reference to a UDF (user-defined function).

Source

Connection

FunctionDescription
SOURCE_HTTP() Creates a HTTP connection to the given URI
SOURCE_JDBC() Creates a JDBC connection to the given DSN
SOURCE_REDIS() Creates a Redis connection to the given URI

Mapping

FunctionDescription
EXTERNAL_COLUMNS() Mapping of source columns to features.
EXTERNAL_REDIS() Returns the value of the given key and field (optionally) from the given Redis source
EXTERNAL_HTTP() Returns the JSON response from a HTTP call

Conditional

FunctionDescription
NULLIF() Returns NULL when two values compare equal; otherwise returns the first value
IF() Returns one value if a condition is true, another if false
CASE WHEN Returns the result of the first condition that evaluates to true
CASE WHEN VALUE Returns the result corresponding to the first matching value in a simple case expression
COALESCE(...) Returns the first non-NULL value from a list of values

Logical

FunctionDescription
AND Returns TRUE when both boolean operands are TRUE.
OR Returns TRUE when at least one boolean operand is TRUE.
NOT Returns FALSE if the operand is TRUE, TRUE if it is FALSE.

Comparison

Equality

FunctionDescription
= [equals] Returns TRUE if the first value equals the second value
!= [not] Returns TRUE if the first value does not equal the second value
IS NULL Returns TRUE if the expression evaluates to NULL.
IS NOT NULL Returns TRUE if the expression does NOT evaluate to NULL.
DISPLAYS AS Returns TRUE if two values are not distinct, treating NULL values as comparable.
IS NOT DISTINCT FROM Returns TRUE if two values are not distinct, treating NULL values as comparable (SQL-standard...
NOT DISPLAYS AS Returns TRUE if two values are distinct, treating NULL values as comparable.
IS DISTINCT FROM Returns TRUE if two values are distinct, treating NULL values as comparable (SQL-standard spelling).

Ordering

FunctionDescription
< [less] Returns TRUE if the first value is strictly less than the second value
<= [less] Returns TRUE if the first value is less than or equal to the second value
> [greater] Returns TRUE if the first value is strictly greater than the second value
>= [greater] Returns TRUE if the first value is greater than or equal to the second value
BETWEEN Returns TRUE if a value is within a specified range (inclusive)
NOT BETWEEN Returns TRUE if a value is NOT within a specified range (inclusive).
LEAST(...) Returns the least (minimum) value from a list of arguments.
GREATEST(...) Returns the greatest (maximum) value from a list of arguments.

Pattern Matching

FunctionDescription
LIKE Returns TRUE if a string matches a specified pattern with wildcards.
NOT LIKE Returns TRUE if a string does NOT match a specified pattern with wildcards.
LIKE multiple Case-sensitive or case-insensitive pattern matching: LIKE / ILIKE with ANY, ALL, or NONE...

Set Operations

FunctionDescription
IN Returns TRUE if a value exists in a list of values.
NOT IN Returns TRUE if a value does NOT exist in a list of values.

Math

Arithmetic

FunctionDescription
+ [addition] Adds two numeric values, or adds an interval to a date or timestamp.
UNARY_MINUS() Negates a numeric expression (unary minus).
UNARY_PLUS() Explicit unary plus on an expression (no-op on the value).
- [subtraction] Subtracts the right-hand value from the left-hand value (numeric, temporal, or interval forms).
FACTORIAL() Returns the factorial of a non-negative integer (n!).
CLAMP() Constrains a value to a closed interval: the result is the value limited to lie between low and...
* [multiplication] Returns the product of two numbers, or scales an interval by an integer factor.
/ [division] Divides the left-hand number by the right-hand number, producing a DOUBLE result.
TRY_DIVIDE() Same as DIVIDE, but returns NULL if the divisor is zero.
// [integer] Divides the left-hand number by the right-hand number while preserving the dividend's type (integer...
TRY_DIVIDE_TYPE() Same as DIVIDE_TYPE, but returns NULL if the divisor is zero.
% [remainder] Returns the remainder after dividing the left-hand number by the right-hand number.

Rounding

FunctionDescription
ROUND() Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to a specified number of decimal places.
TRUNCATE() Returns the integer part of a number by discarding the fractional part.
FLOOR() Returns the largest integer less than or equal to the input.
CEIL() Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the input.

Sign And Absolute

FunctionDescription
ABS() Returns the absolute value of a number.
SIGN() Returns the sign of a number: -1 for negative, 0 for zero, 1 for positive.

Exponential

FunctionDescription
^ [exponentiation] Raises a number to a power (integer or floating-point operands of the same type).
SQRT() Returns the square root of a number.
CBRT() Returns the cube root of a number.
EXP() Returns e raised to the power of the given number.
LN() Returns the natural logarithm (base e) of a number.
LOG() Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base.

Trigonometric

FunctionDescription
COS() Returns the cosine of an angle in radians.
SIN() Returns the sine of an angle in radians.
TAN() Returns the tangent of an angle in radians.
ACOS() Returns the arccosine (inverse cosine) of a number, in radians.
ASIN() Returns the arcsine (inverse sine) of a number, in radians.
ATAN() Returns the arctangent (inverse tangent) of a number, in radians.
ATAN2() Returns the arctangent of y/x, using the signs of both arguments to determine the quadrant.

Hyperbolic

FunctionDescription
COSH() Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.
SINH() Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number.
TANH() Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.

Angle Conversion

FunctionDescription
DEGREES() Converts an angle from radians to degrees.
RADIANS() Converts an angle from degrees to radians.

Base Conversion

FunctionDescription
FROM_BASE() Returns the decimal (base 10) equivalent of a number expressed in a specified base.
TO_BASE() Returns the string representation of a decimal number in a specified base.

Constant

FunctionDescription
E() Returns the mathematical constant e (Euler's number).
PI() Returns the mathematical constant π (pi).
INFINITY() Returns the floating-point representation of positive infinity.
NAN() Returns the floating-point representation of NaN (Not a Number).

Validation Math

FunctionDescription
IS_FINITE() Returns TRUE if a floating-point number is finite (neither infinite nor NaN).
IS_INFINITE() Returns TRUE if a floating-point number is infinite (positive or negative).
IS_NAN() Returns TRUE if a floating-point value is NaN (Not a Number).

Bucketing

FunctionDescription
WIDTH_BUCKET_REGULAR() Returns the bucket number for a value in equally-spaced buckets within a range.
WIDTH_BUCKET() Returns the bucket number for a value in a histogram with custom bin boundaries.

Bitwise

FunctionDescription
Bitwise AND Returns the bitwise AND of two bitstrings.
Bitwise OR Returns the bitwise OR of two bitstrings.
Bitwise XOR Returns the bitwise XOR (exclusive OR) of two bitstrings.
Bitwise NOT Returns the bitwise NOT (complement) of a bitstring, flipping every bit.
Bitwise left shift Returns the bitstring shifted left by N positions, filling with zeros on the right.
Bitwise right shift Returns the bitstring shifted right by N positions, filling with zeros on the left.
BIT_COUNT() Returns the number of 1-bits in the two’s-complement binary representation of an integer.

String

Case Conversion

FunctionDescription
LOWER() Returns the string with all characters converted to lowercase.
UPPER() Returns the string with all characters converted to uppercase.
TITLE() Returns the string with the first letter of each whitespace-delimited word in uppercase and the...

Padding And Trimming

FunctionDescription
TRIM() Returns the string with whitespace from both ends removed.
LTRIM() Returns the string with whitespace from the left (beginning) removed.
RTRIM() Returns the string with whitespace from the right (end) removed.
LPAD() Returns the string padded on the left to a specified length with a padding string.
RPAD() Returns the string padded on the right to a specified length with a padding string.

Search String

FunctionDescription
STARTS_WITH() Returns TRUE if a string starts with a specified prefix.
ENDS_WITH() Returns TRUE if a string ends with a specified suffix.
POSITION Returns the 1-based index of the first occurrence of a substring within a string.
STRPOS() Returns the position of a substring within a string, optionally finding the N-th occurrence.

Extraction String

FunctionDescription
LEFT() Returns the first n characters of the string (or the full string when n is greater than its...
RIGHT() Returns the last n characters of the string (or the full string when n is greater than its...
SUBSTR() Returns a substring from a string starting at a specified position.
SPLIT() Returns an array of substrings from a string split by a delimiter.
SPLIT_PART() Returns a specific part of a string after splitting by a delimiter.

Transformation String

FunctionDescription
REVERSE() Returns the string with all characters in reverse order.
REPLACE() Returns the string with all occurrences of a substring replaced with another substring.
FORMAT(...) Builds a VARCHAR from a C-style format string and one scalar argument per placeholder.
TRANSLATE() Returns a string with character-level replacements applied based on character-to-character mappings.
BASE64_ENCODE() Encodes a string as standard Base64 text.
BASE64_DECODE() Decodes a Base64 string back to plain text.
HEX_ENCODE() Encodes a string as a contiguous hexadecimal string (two hex digits per byte).
HEX_DECODE() Decodes a contiguous hexadecimal string back to plain text.
URL_ENCODE() Encodes a string for safe use in URL components using percent-encoding (RFC 3986).
URL_DECODE() Decodes a percent-encoded string (RFC 3986).

Concatenation

FunctionDescription
CONCAT(...) Returns a single concatenated string from a list of strings.
[`
CONCAT_WS(...) Returns a concatenated string from a list of strings with a separator between each element.

Character

FunctionDescription
LENGTH() Returns the number of characters in a string.
CHR() Returns the character corresponding to the given Unicode code point.
CODEPOINT() Returns the Unicode code point of the first character in a string.

Distance

FunctionDescription
HAMMING_DISTANCE() Returns the Hamming distance between two strings of equal length.
LEVENSHTEIN_DISTANCE() Returns the Levenshtein (edit) distance between two strings.

Phonetic

FunctionDescription
WORD_STEM() Returns the stem (root form) of a word using language-specific stemming rules.
SOUNDEX() Returns a four-character Soundex code representing the phonetic sound of a string.

Validation String

FunctionDescription
LUHN_CHECK() Returns TRUE if a string passes the Luhn algorithm (modulus 10 checksum).

Hash

FunctionDescription
MD5() Returns the MD5 hash of a string as a 32-character hexadecimal string.
SHA1() Returns the SHA-1 hash of a string as a 40-character hexadecimal string.
SHA256() Returns the SHA-256 hash of a string as a 64-character hexadecimal string.

Regex

FunctionDescription
REGEX_CONTAINS() Returns TRUE if the haystack string contains a match for the regular expression pattern (substring...
REGEX_MATCH() Returns TRUE if the entire string matches the regular expression pattern. Unlike REGEX_CONTAINS,...
REGEX_EXTRACT_FIRST() Returns the first substring that matches the pattern, optionally selecting a capture group index (0...
REGEX_EXTRACT_ALL() Returns an array of every non-overlapping substring that matches the pattern, in left-to-right...
REGEX_SPLIT() Splits a string by a regular expression pattern and returns the parts between matches as an array.
REGEX_REPLACE_FIRST() Returns the haystack with the first regular-expression match replaced by the replacement string.
REGEX_REPLACE_ALL() Returns the haystack with every non-overlapping regular-expression match replaced by the...

Date And Time

Date/timestamp arithmetic

FunctionDescription
ADD() Returns the date/timestamp after adding an interval.
DATE_ADD() Returns the date/timestamp after adding a given number of a given units to the given date or...
SUBTRACT() Subtracts an interval from a timestamp or date, or returns the interval between two timestamps or...
DATE_SUBTRACT() Returns timestamp1 minus timestamp2 in the given unit. Chaining-friendly: the base value comes...
DATE_DIFF() Returns the difference between start and end in the given unit (end − start). Matches the...

Calendar queries

FunctionDescription
FIRST_DAY_OF() Returns the first calendar day of the period containing the given date or timestamp, as midnight on...
LAST_DAY_OF() Returns the last calendar day of the period containing the given date or timestamp, as midnight on...
DAYS_IN() Returns the number of calendar days in the MONTH, QUARTER, HALF (half-year), or YEAR that contains...

Sequence generation

FunctionDescription
SEQUENCE() Generates an inclusive array of dates or timestamps separated by an interval.
DATE_SEQUENCE() Returns an array of timestamps: count values beginning at start, each separated by interval.

Extraction

FunctionDescription
DATE_PART() Returns the part of the given timestamp in the given unit.

Truncation and formatting

FunctionDescription
DATE_TRUNC() Returns the given date or timestamp truncated to the given unit.
DATE_FORMAT() Returns a string from the given date or timestamp and format.
TO_ISO8601() Returns an ISO 8601 string from the given timestamp or interval.

Parsing and construction

FunctionDescription
DATE_PARSE() Returns a timestamp from the given string and format.
FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP() Returns a timestamp from the given ISO 8601 string.
MAKE_DATE() Builds a DATE from a ROW of calendar components.
MAKE_TIMESTAMP() Builds a TIMESTAMP from a ROW of calendar and clock components.

Unix time conversion

FunctionDescription
FROM_UNIXTIME() Returns a timestamp from the given unix timestamp (BIGINT representation of the number of seconds...
TO_UNIXTIME() Returns a unix timestamp (BIGINT representation of the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00...

Timezone conversion

FunctionDescription
LOCAL_TO_UTC() Treats a naive TIMESTAMP as local wall time in the given zone and returns the same instant as a...
UTC_TO_LOCAL() Interprets a naive UTC TIMESTAMP as an instant and returns it in the given timezone (TIMESTAMPTZ).

Interval operations

FunctionDescription
MAKE_INTERVAL() Builds an INTERVAL from a ROW of duration components.
FROM_ISO8601_INTERVAL() Returns an interval from the given ISO 8601 duration string.
INTERVAL_PARSE() Returns an interval from the given duration string.
INTERVAL_TO_MS() Returns the truncated number of milliseconds in the given interval.
TO_ISO8601() Returns an ISO 8601 duration string from the given interval.
MULTIPLY() Scales an interval by an integer factor.

Json

FunctionDescription
JSON_PARSE() Returns the given string as a JSON expression.
TRY_JSON_PARSE() Returns the given string as a JSON expression, or NULL if the string is not valid JSON.
JSON_PARSE_AS() Returns the value of a JSON expression represented as a string in the given type.
JSON_EXTRACT() Returns the value of the given JSON path in the given JSON expression.
JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR() Returns the scalar value of the given JSON path in the given JSON expression.
JSON_FORMAT() Returns the given JSON expression as a string.
JSON_ARRAY_COUNT() Returns the number of elements in a JSON array.
JSON_KEYS() Returns the keys of a JSON object as an array of strings.
JSON_TYPE() Returns the type of a JSON value as a string.

Array

Element Access

FunctionDescription
ELEMENT_AT_POS() Returns the element at the specified position in an array.
ELEMENTS_AT_POS() Returns the elements at multiple specified positions in an array.
SLICE() Returns a slice of an array using start:length:step semantics.
SLICE_END() Returns the elements at multiple specified positions in an array.

Search And Lookup

FunctionDescription
CONTAINS() Returns TRUE if the array contains the specified element.
CONTAINS_SEQUENCE() Returns TRUE if the array contains the specified sequence as a contiguous subsequence.
ARRAY_POSITION() Returns the 1-based position of the first occurrence of an element in an array.
ARRAY_LOOKUP(...) Returns the value corresponding to a lookup key using parallel key-value arrays.

Filtering And Transformation

FunctionDescription
ARRAY_SORT() Returns the sorted version of an array.
ARRAY_REVERSE() Returns the reverse of an array.
ARRAY_ENUMERATE() Returns an array of rows pairing each 1-based position with the corresponding element.
ARRAY_ENUMERATE_FLATTEN() Returns an array of rows pairing each 1-based position with the flattened fields of the...
ARRAY_ROTATE() Returns a new array whose elements are rotated circularly; positive amounts shift left, negative...
ARRAY_DISTINCT() Returns an array with distinct elements, sorted in ascending order.
ARRAY_REMOVE() Returns an array with all occurrences of the specified element removed.
FLATTEN(...) Flattens a nested array structure into a single-level array.

Set Operations

FunctionDescription
ARRAY_UNION() Returns the union of two arrays, eliminating duplicate elements.
ARRAY_INTERSECT() Returns the intersection of two arrays using set semantics.
ARRAY_EXCEPT() Returns the difference of two arrays using set semantics.
ARRAYS_OVERLAP() Returns TRUE if any elements are common between the two arrays.

Aggregation And Statistics

FunctionDescription
ARRAY_COUNT() Returns the number of elements in an array.
ARRAY_SUM() Returns the sum of all numeric elements in an array.
ARRAY_PRODUCT() Returns the product of all numeric elements in an array as a DOUBLE.
ARRAY_MEDIAN() Returns the statistical median of numeric array elements as a DOUBLE.
ARRAY_STDDEV_POP() Returns the population standard deviation (divide by N) of numeric array elements as a DOUBLE.
ARRAY_STDDEV_SAMP() Returns the sample standard deviation (divide by N-1) of numeric array elements as a DOUBLE.
ARRAY_VAR_POP() Returns the population variance (divide by N) of numeric array elements as a DOUBLE.
ARRAY_VAR_SAMP() Returns the sample variance (divide by N-1) of numeric array elements as a DOUBLE.
ARRAY_AVG() Returns the arithmetic mean (average) of all numeric elements in an array.
ARRAY_MIN() Returns the smallest value in an array using natural ordering.
ARRAY_MAX() Returns the largest value in an array using natural ordering.
ARRAY_HISTOGRAM() Returns a frequency histogram of values in an array as an array of value-count pairs.

Boolean Operations

FunctionDescription
ALL(...) Returns TRUE if all elements in the boolean array are true.
ANY(...) Returns TRUE if any element in the boolean array is true.
NONE(...) Returns TRUE if no elements in the boolean array are true.
ARRAY_NOT() Returns an array with inverted boolean values (logical NOT applied to each element).

Array Combination

FunctionDescription
ARRAY_CONCAT(...) Concatenates multiple arrays into a single combined array with optional deduplication.

Array Generation

FunctionDescription
REPEAT() Creates an array by repeating an element a specified number of times.

String Conversion

FunctionDescription
ARRAY_JOIN() Joins the elements of an array into a single string using a specified delimiter.

Vector Operations

FunctionDescription
COSINE_SIMILARITY() Calculates the cosine similarity between two arrays.
DOT_PRODUCT() Calculates the dot product of two arrays.
EUCLIDEAN_DISTANCE() Calculates the Euclidean distance between two arrays.
NORMALIZE() Normalizes a numeric array by dividing each element by the sum of all elements.

Row

FunctionDescription
MERGE(...) Merges multiple row structures into a single row with combined fields

Array Of Rows

Indexing

FunctionDescription
INDEX_UNIQUE() Returns an index unique computed from the given array and key.
INDEX_MULTI() Returns an index multi computed from the given array and key.
ELEMENT_AT_KEY() Returns one element at the given key from the given index, array or array of rows.
ELEMENTS_AT_KEY() Returns multiple elements at the given key from the given index, array or array of rows.

Other

FunctionDescription
EXTRACT(...) Returns the extracted fields from the given expression.
UNWRAP() Returns the first field values from an array of single-field rows as a simple array.
UNWRAP_ONE() Returns the value of the first field of the first element in an array of single-field rows.
ZIP(...) Combines multiple arrays into a single array of structured rows with named fields.
ARRAY_MERGE(...) Merges multiple arrays of rows element-wise into a single array of combined rows, with optional...
CARRY(...) Carries one or more scalar values into each row of an array of rows, adding them as new fields
EXTEND(...) Adds computed feature fields to a base row or array of rows with field bindings
TRANSFORM Transforms an array of rows using a subquery with optional METHOD
RECURSE(...) Produces an array of rows by iterating a seed ROW, optionally traversing entity relationships

Group By

Numeric

FunctionDescription
SUM() GROUP BY ... Returns the sum of the values in the group.
AVG() GROUP BY ... Returns the average of the values in the group.
MAX() GROUP BY ... Returns the maximum value in the group.
MIN() GROUP BY ... Returns the minimum value in the group.
PRODUCT() GROUP BY ... Returns the product of the numeric values in the group.
BIT_AND() GROUP BY ... Returns the bitwise AND of all integer values in the group.
BIT_OR() GROUP BY ... Returns the bitwise OR of all integer values in the group.
BIT_XOR() GROUP BY ... Returns the bitwise XOR of all integer values in the group.

Counting

FunctionDescription
COUNT() GROUP BY ... Returns the number of values in the group.
COUNT_IF() GROUP BY ... Returns the number of values in the group that are true.
APPROX_DISTINCT() GROUP BY ... Returns the approximate number of distinct values in the group.

Boolean

FunctionDescription
BOOL_AND() GROUP BY ... Returns TRUE if all values in the group are true.
BOOL_OR() GROUP BY ... Returns TRUE if any value in the group is true.

Collection

FunctionDescription
ANY_VALUE() GROUP BY ... Returns an arbitrary value from the group.
ARRAY_AGG() GROUP BY ... Returns an array of the values in the group.
MIN_BY() GROUP BY ... Returns the minimum value in the group by the given expression.
MAX_BY() GROUP BY ... Returns the maximum value in the group by the given expression.
STRING_AGG() GROUP BY ... Concatenates string values in the group, separated by the given delimiter; optional inner ORDER BY...

Statistical

FunctionDescription
STDDEV_POP() GROUP BY ... Returns the population standard deviation of the values in the group.
STDDEV_SAMP() GROUP BY ... Returns the sample standard deviation of the values in the group.
VAR_POP() GROUP BY ... Returns the population variance of the values in the group.
VAR_SAMP() GROUP BY ... Returns the sample variance of the values in the group.
CORR() GROUP BY ... Returns the Pearson correlation coefficient between two expressions.
COVAR_POP() GROUP BY ... Returns the population covariance between two expressions.
COVAR_SAMP() GROUP BY ... Returns the sample covariance between two expressions.
REGR_SLOPE() GROUP BY ... Returns the slope of the linear regression line fitted to (x, y) pairs.
REGR_INTERCEPT() GROUP BY ... Returns the y-intercept of the linear regression line fitted to (x, y) pairs.
REGR_R2() GROUP BY ... Returns the coefficient of determination (R²) of the linear regression.
APPROX_PERCENTILE() GROUP BY ... Returns the approximate value at the given percentile.
MEDIAN() GROUP BY ... Returns the median of the values in the group as DOUBLE.
QUANTILE_CONT() GROUP BY ... Returns the continuous quantile of the group at the given probability in (0, 1); result type is...
QUANTILE_DISC() GROUP BY ... Returns an element from the group at the given discrete quantile; result type matches the...

Window Function

Numeric

FunctionDescription
SUM() OVER ... Returns the sum of values in the window frame.
AVG() OVER ... Returns the average of values in the window frame.
MIN() OVER ... Returns the minimum value in the window frame.
MAX() OVER ... Returns the maximum value in the window frame.
PRODUCT() OVER ... Returns the product of values in the window frame.
BIT_AND() OVER ... Returns the bitwise AND of integer values in the window frame.
BIT_OR() OVER ... Returns the bitwise OR of integer values in the window frame.
BIT_XOR() OVER ... Returns the bitwise XOR of integer values in the window frame.

Counting

FunctionDescription
COUNT() OVER ... Returns the count of rows in the window frame.
COUNT_IF() OVER ... Returns the count of rows where the condition is true in the window frame.
APPROX_DISTINCT() OVER ... Returns the approximate number of distinct values in the window frame.

Boolean

FunctionDescription
BOOL_AND() OVER ... Returns TRUE if all boolean values in the window frame are true.
BOOL_OR() OVER ... Returns TRUE if any boolean value in the window frame is true.

Numbering

FunctionDescription
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ... Returns a unique sequential number for each row within its partition, starting at 1.
RANK() OVER ... Returns the rank of the current row within its partition, with gaps. Rows with equal values for the...
DENSE_RANK() OVER ... Returns the rank of the current row within its partition, without gaps. Similar to RANK but...
NTILE() OVER ... Returns the bucket number (1 to n) for each row in a partition, where n is the number of buckets.
PERCENT_RANK() OVER ... Returns the relative rank of the current row: (rank - 1) / (total rows - 1).
CUME_DIST() OVER ... Returns the cumulative distribution: (number of rows <= current row) / (total rows).

Offset

FunctionDescription
LEAD() OVER ... Returns the value from the row that leads (follows) the current row by a specified offset within...
LAG() OVER ... Returns the value from the row that lags (precedes) the current row by a specified offset within...
FIRST_VALUE() OVER ... Returns the first value in the window frame.
LAST_VALUE() OVER ... Returns the last value in the window frame.
NTH_VALUE() OVER ... Returns the value at the nth row of the window frame.

Collection

FunctionDescription
ANY_VALUE() OVER ... Returns an arbitrary non-null value from the window frame, if one exists.
ARRAY_AGG() OVER ... Returns an array of all values in the window frame.
MIN_BY() OVER ... Returns the value of the first expression corresponding to the minimum value of the second...
MAX_BY() OVER ... Returns the value of the first expression corresponding to the maximum value of the second...
STRING_AGG() OVER ... Concatenates string values in the window frame in order up to the current row, separated by the...

Statistical

FunctionDescription
STDDEV_POP() OVER ... Returns the population standard deviation over the window frame.
STDDEV_SAMP() OVER ... Returns the sample standard deviation over the window frame.
VAR_POP() OVER ... Returns the population variance over the window frame.
VAR_SAMP() OVER ... Returns the sample variance over the window frame.
CORR() OVER ... Returns the Pearson correlation coefficient over the window frame.
COVAR_POP() OVER ... Returns the population covariance over the window frame.
MEDIAN() OVER ... Returns the median of values in the window frame as DOUBLE.
QUANTILE_CONT() OVER ... Returns the continuous quantile of the window at the given probability; result type is DOUBLE.
QUANTILE_DISC() OVER ... Returns the discrete quantile of the window at the given probability; result type matches the value...
COVAR_SAMP() OVER ... Returns the sample covariance over the window frame.
REGR_SLOPE() OVER ... Returns the slope of the linear regression line over the window frame.
REGR_INTERCEPT() OVER ... Returns the y-intercept of the linear regression line over the window frame.
REGR_R2() OVER ... Returns the coefficient of determination (R²) over the window frame.

Metadata

Exploration

FunctionDescription
IS_DOWNSTREAM_OF() Returns TRUE if the current feature is dependent of the given feature in the dependency DAG
IS_UPSTREAM_OF() Returns TRUE if the current feature is a dependency of the given feature in the dependency DAG
DEPTH_RELATIVE_TO() Returns the depth of the current feature relative to the given feature in the dependency DAG

Other

FunctionDescription
KEYSET() Returns a reference to a keyset.
PREPARED_STATEMENT() Returns a reference to a prepared statement of the given feature with the given inputs.
TYPEOF() Returns the type of the given expression in FeatureQL.
SQLTYPEOF() Returns the name of the translated storage type for the expression (after FeatureQL is lowered for...
VERSION() Returns registry version; reload time is set only on a dev workstation.

Business

Time Travel

FunctionDescription
SCD_AT_TIME() Returns the state of an SCD (slowly changing dimension) value at the given point in time.
ACCUMULATION_AT_TIME() Returns the state of an accumulation of events at the given point in time.

Growth Accounting

FunctionDescription
TO_ACTIVITY_BITS() Returns the activity bits for the given array of activity dates and date reference.
FROM_ACTIVITY_BITS() Returns the activity dates for the given activity bits and date reference.
BINARY_REPRESENTATION() Returns the binary representation as a string of the given activity bits
UPDATE_ACTIVITY_BIT() Returns the activity bits for the given activity bits and whether the current day is active.
IS_ACTIVE() Returns whether the given activity bits is active for the given time period
ACTIVITY_STATUS() Returns the activity status between two time periods for the given activity bits
COUNT_ACTIVE() Returns the number of active days for the given activity bits and time period
RECENCY() Returns the number of days since the last active day for the given activity bits

Experimentation

FunctionDescription
HASH01() Returns a value between 0 and 1 based on the given hashing key.
GRADUAL_ROLLOUT() Returns the exposure to a new version based on the given hashing key and rollout parameters.

Simulations

FunctionDescription
SAMPLE_UNIFORM() Returns a value uniformly chosen between two bounds based on the given hashing key.
SAMPLE_GAUSSIAN() Returns a value chosen from a normal distribution between two bounds based on the given hashing key.
SAMPLE_VALUE(...) Returns a value from the given array of values and proportions based on the given hashing key.
SAMPLE_BOOL() Returns the discrete event (true or false) with the given probability based on the given hashing...
SAMPLE_EXPONENTIAL() Returns a value drawn from an exponential distribution with the given rate, based on the given...
SAMPLE_POISSON() Returns an integer drawn from a Poisson distribution with the given rate, based on the given...
SAMPLE_LOGNORMAL() Returns a value drawn from a log-normal distribution, clamped to [lower, upper], based on the given...
SAMPLE_GEOMETRIC() Returns the number of trials until first success, drawn from a geometric distribution, based on the...
SAMPLE_WEIBULL() Returns a value drawn from a Weibull distribution based on the given hashing key.

Metaprogramming

Non Deterministic

FunctionDescription
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP() Returns the current date and time.
RANDOM() Returns a random number in the range 0.0 <= x < 1.0

Other

FunctionDescription
EVAL_CONST() Returns the result of evaluating a constant formula as a literal.

Geospatial

Constructor

FunctionDescription
ST_GEOMPOINT() Creates a GEOMETRY point from x and y coordinates.
ST_GEOGPOINT() Creates a GEOGRAPHY point from longitude and latitude coordinates in WGS84.
ST_GEOMFROMTEXT() Creates a GEOMETRY value from a WKT (Well Known Text) string.
ST_GEOGFROMTEXT() Creates a GEOGRAPHY value from a WKT (Well Known Text) string. Coordinates are interpreted as...
ST_MAKELINE() Creates a LINESTRING from two geometry or geography inputs.
ST_MAKEPOLYGON() Creates a POLYGON from a closed LineString shell.
ST_COLLECT() Combines two geometries or geographies into a collection without dissolving boundaries.
ST_GEOMFROMWKB() Creates a GEOMETRY value from a WKB (Well Known Binary) byte string.
ST_GEOGFROMWKB() Creates a GEOGRAPHY value from a WKB (Well Known Binary) byte string. Coordinates are interpreted...
ST_GEOMFROMGEOJSON() Creates a GEOMETRY value from a GeoJSON string.
ST_GEOGFROMGEOJSON() Creates a GEOGRAPHY value from a GeoJSON string. Coordinates are interpreted as lon/lat in WGS84.
ST_TOGEOGRAPHY() Casts a GEOMETRY to GEOGRAPHY, reinterpreting coordinates as lon/lat in WGS84 without reprojection.
ST_TOGEOMETRY() Casts a GEOGRAPHY to GEOMETRY, reinterpreting the WGS84 lon/lat coordinates as planar x/y without...

Serialization

FunctionDescription
ST_ASTEXT() Returns the WKT (Well Known Text) representation of a geometry or geography.
ST_ASGEOJSON() Returns the GeoJSON representation of a geometry or geography.
ST_ASWKB() Returns the WKB (Well Known Binary) representation of a geometry or geography.

Measurement

FunctionDescription
ST_DISTANCE() Returns the minimum distance between two geometries or geographies.
ST_AREA() Returns the area of a geometry or geography.
ST_LENGTH() Returns the length of a linear geometry or geography.
ST_PERIMETER() Returns the perimeter of an areal geometry or geography.
ST_AZIMUTH() Returns the azimuth angle in radians from point A to point B, measured clockwise from north...

Predicate

FunctionDescription
ST_INTERSECTS() Returns TRUE if two geometries or geographies share any portion of space.
ST_CONTAINS() Returns TRUE if geometry/geography A fully contains geometry/geography B.
ST_WITHIN() Returns TRUE if geometry/geography A is fully within geometry/geography B.
ST_DWITHIN() Returns TRUE if the distance between two geometries or geographies is less than or equal to a...
ST_EQUALS() Returns TRUE if two geometries or geographies represent the same point set.
ST_DISJOINT() Returns TRUE if two geometries or geographies do not share any space.
ST_TOUCHES() Returns TRUE if two geometries share boundary points but no interior points.
ST_CROSSES() Returns TRUE if two geometries have some but not all interior points in common.
ST_OVERLAPS() Returns TRUE if two geometries of the same dimension have overlapping interiors.

Accessor

FunctionDescription
ST_X() Returns the X coordinate of a point (or longitude for geography).
ST_Y() Returns the Y coordinate of a point (or latitude for geography).
ST_GEOMETRYTYPE() Returns the OGC type name of a geometry or geography as a string.
ST_NUMPOINTS() Returns the total number of vertices in a geometry or geography.
ST_NUMGEOMETRIES() Returns the number of sub geometries in a collection, or 1 for singular geometries.
ST_DIMENSION() Returns the topological dimension of a geometry or geography.
ST_ISEMPTY() Returns TRUE if a geometry or geography is empty.
ST_ISVALID() Returns TRUE if a geometry is topologically valid (no self intersections, proper ring closure,...
ST_SRID() Returns the SRID (Spatial Reference ID) of a geometry.
ST_ISCLOSED() Returns TRUE if a geometry is closed (start point equals end point for lines; always TRUE for...
ST_STARTPOINT() Returns the first vertex of a LineString.
ST_ENDPOINT() Returns the last vertex of a LineString.
ST_ISSIMPLE() Returns TRUE if a geometry has no anomalous geometric points such as self-intersections or...
ST_GEOMPOINTN() Returns the Nth vertex of a LineString (1-indexed).
ST_ISPOINT() Returns TRUE if the geometry or geography is a Point.
ST_EXTERIORRING() Returns the outer ring of a Polygon as a LineString.
ST_ISLINE() Returns TRUE if the geometry or geography is a LineString.
ST_ISPOLYGON() Returns TRUE if the geometry or geography is a Polygon.
ST_NUMINTERIORRINGS() Returns the number of interior rings (holes) in a Polygon.
ST_INTERIORRINGN() Returns the Nth interior ring (hole) of a Polygon as a LineString (1-indexed).
ST_ISCOLLECTION() Returns TRUE if the geometry or geography is a Multi* or GeometryCollection.
ST_GEOMETRYN() Returns the Nth sub-geometry from a geometry collection (1-indexed).

Transformation

FunctionDescription
ST_CENTROID() Returns the geometric center of mass (centroid) of a geometry or geography.
ST_BUFFER() Returns a geometry/geography that represents all points within a given distance of the input.
ST_ENVELOPE() Returns the bounding box of a geometry or geography as a polygon.
ST_CONVEXHULL() Returns the convex hull of a geometry or geography.
ST_SIMPLIFY() Returns a simplified version of a geometry using the Douglas Peucker algorithm.
ST_INTERSECTION() Returns the geometry/geography representing the point set intersection of two inputs.
ST_UNION() Returns the geometry/geography representing the point set union of two inputs.
ST_DIFFERENCE() Returns the geometry/geography representing the point set difference of A minus B.
ST_SYMDIFFERENCE() Returns the geometry/geography representing the point set symmetric difference of two inputs (union...
ST_REVERSE() Returns a geometry with the vertex order of each component reversed.
ST_SNAP_TO_GRID() Snaps all vertices of a geometry to a uniform grid with the given cell size.
ST_SETSRID() Sets the SRID on a geometry without modifying or reprojecting coordinates.
ST_TRANSFORM() Reprojects a geometry from its current SRID to a target SRID.
ST_DUMP() Explodes a Multi* or GeometryCollection into an array of its component geometries.

Aggregation

FunctionDescription
ST_UNION_AGG() Aggregate function that dissolves all geometries in a group into a single geometry.
ST_COLLECT_AGG() Aggregate function that collects all geometries in a group into a single GeometryCollection without...
ST_EXTENT() Aggregate function that returns the bounding box of all geometries in a group as a polygon.

Summary

  • Total Functions: 416
  • Total Categories: 19

This documentation is automatically generated from the FeatureMesh registry.

Last update at: 2026/05/26 17:22:09